Neuromuscular Center
What is a Cochlear Implant?
A cochlear implant is a medical device that electrically stimulates the auditory nerve in people with severe hearing loss and enables them to hear again. Cochlear implants can improve the quality of life of people with hearing loss. Implants consist of internal and external parts. The external parts are placed behind the auricle or on the scalp. The inner part is surgically placed in the inner ear.
How Does a Cochlear Implant Work?
First, the sound is detected, filtered, and processed by the external parts, the microphone. After converting those into digital signals, The processor analyzes the filtered sound and delivers it to the inner part. Then, the inner part converts these signals into electrical energy and sends them to the electrodes in the cochlear nerve, which stimulate the nerves in the ear with electrical pulses. As a result, the sound reaches the brain, and the brain perceives sound.
Who Is Suitable for Cochlear Implant?
A cochlear implant may be suitable for;
- Children with congenital hearing loss
- People with severe or complete hearing loss
- Adults with hearing loss due to various inner ear diseases
- Adults who have hearing loss due to surgery or accident
Children who use cochlear implants are over the age of 1 and have hearing loss in both ears. The hearing level in adults should be above 70 decibels.
How is Cochlear Implant Operation Performed?
Cochlear implant operation is usually performed under general anesthesia. It makes an entrance into the mastoid bone with a small incision made behind the ear. A small hole is then made in the cochlea, and electrodes are placed. The receiver is then placed on the skin behind the ear, and the incision is closed. If no complications are observed after the operation, the patient can be discharged on the same day.
What is the Process After the Cochlear Implant Operation?
Stitches are removed about a week after the operation. 4 weeks after the operation, an external microphone is attached, and the implant is made operational. This process is essential, especially in children with congenital hearing impairment. After the operation, the family should observe the child well. In addition, training can be taken to get used to the cochlear implant, the ability to make sense of new sounds and transfer this to the ability to speak. This rehabilitation process may vary depending on whether the patient has congenital or acquired hearing loss. Likewise, there is rehabilitation training for adults after cochlear implantation.